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regium donum
The Regium Donum ("Royal Bounty") was an annual grant to augment the income of poor Nonconformist clergy. There were separate grants for Dissenters in England, and for Presbyterian clergy in Ireland. The money originally came from the monarch's privy purse as an ''ex gratia'' donation, but later became an annual grant voted by Parliament.
The Irish ''Regium Donum'' originated in a grant of £1200 pa to Presbyterian clergy in Northern Ireland made by William III in 1690 as a reward for the loyalty of Presbyterians during the war in Ireland following the Glorious Revolution. Queen Anne, when instituting "Queen Anne's Bounty" to augment poor Anglican livings, also added another £800 pa to assist Presbyterian clergy in the rest of Ireland (an offer of similar assistance to English Dissenting Ministers was declined). The Irish Regium Donum was discontinued in 1869, when the Anglican Church of Ireland was disestablished.
The English ''Regium Donum'' was instituted in 1723, originally £500 pa to allow the payment of pensions of widows of Dissenting Ministers, but later increased to £1000pa to also cover augmentation of income of living ministers. From Charles II onwards there had been earlier royal donations to Dissenting clergymen, but political motives were suspected, and a proposed grant of £1000 pa by Queen Anne was declined.〔 The ''Regium Donum'' was originally not publicised, and one eighteenth-century critic saw it as a secret bribe to Dissenters to support Sir Robert Walpole and to buy off any agitation against the civil disabilities of Dissenters (eg the Test and Corporation Acts). 〔
Reform of royal finances by Pitt the Younger saw the ''Regium Donum'' become a grant voted by Parliament, rather than a charge upon the Civil List. In principle, this changed it from an ex gratia payment to a forced donation by taxpayers (including those opposed to the religious views of those supported): the ''Regium Donum'' was therefore henceforth opposed (on the grounds of consistency) by some advocates of the disestablishment of the Church of England. There was growing opposition by organised Dissent; because of this, the government announced in 1851 that the ''Regium Donum'' would not be voted in subsequent years.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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